After spending nine long months in space, NASA’s astronauts have finally returned to Earth.
But experts warn that Butch Wilmore and Suni Williams’ unexpected stay on the International Space Station (ISS) may have long-term health effects.
Recent images highlight the physical impact of extended space travel. From weakened muscles to changes in vision, the astronauts may face years of recovery.
As Williams, 59, and Wilmore, 62, exited the SpaceX Crew Dragon capsule, medical teams immediately assisted them onto stretchers.
This is standard for astronauts, as their muscles weaken in space, making it difficult to walk once they return to Earth’s gravity.
They will now undergo medical evaluations at NASA’s Johnson Space Center in Houston. Experts have already noted visible physical changes.
While on the ISS, concerns were raised about their weight loss and appearance.
Vision and Brain Function
Fluid buildup in the head can lead to vision problems.
The pressure affects the eyes, sometimes causing blurry vision, a condition known as Spaceflight Associated Neuro-Ocular Syndrome (SANS).
NASA says about 70% of astronauts experience vision changes in space, though most recover after returning to Earth.
Some studies also suggest astronauts process tasks more slowly and may experience short-term memory issues. However, these effects usually improve over time.
Muscle and Bone Loss
Low gravity causes muscle loss because astronauts don’t use their muscles the same way they do on Earth.
Even with two hours of daily exercise, muscle weakening still happens.
Bone density also decreases, making astronauts more prone to fractures.
Doctors estimate they may need up to six weeks of rehabilitation to regain their strength.
Weight Loss and Circulation Issues
Astronauts often lose weight due to reduced appetite and changes in taste.
Fluid shifts in the body also cause swelling in the head while reducing leg size, a condition known as ‘chicken legs.’
In some cases, these shifts can increase the risk of blood clots.
Radiation Exposure
Astronauts are exposed to high levels of radiation in space, which may increase their risk of cancer and other health problems.
NASA recommends more frequent health screenings for astronauts who have spent extended time in space.
Recovery Process
NASA has a 45-day rehabilitation program to help astronauts regain strength.
This includes structured exercise routines to rebuild muscle and bone density.
Experts say full recovery is possible, but it requires careful monitoring and a well-planned rehabilitation process.